Sintilimab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1). It is co-developed by Innovent Biologics and Eli Lilly , with clinical development specifically optimized for Asian patient populations . Sintilimab is approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China  for multiple solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Mechanism of Action Sintilimab binds to PD-1 on activated T cells, blocking interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2

Cadonilimab  is a humanized, tetravalent bispecific monoclonal antibody that simultaneously targets programmed cell-death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein-4 (CTLA-4). Designed to combine checkpoint blockade at two complementary immune checkpoints in a single molecule, cadonilimab was developed to harness the synergistic antitumor activity of dual checkpoint inhibition while improving safety and tolerability relative to separate PD-1 + CTLA-4 anti

Toripalimab  is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that blocks programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1). It is US-FDA approved for selected indications including recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and China-NMPA approved for urotheliel carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, non-squamous / resectable stage IIIA-IIIB NSCLC, ES-SCLC, renal cell carcinoma, and TNBC . Mechanism of Action PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor on activated T cells; binding of PD-

Palbociclib is an oral selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor. It is FDA-approved for the treatment of hormone...

Fruquintinib, a US FDA-approved inhibitor for metastatic colorectal cancer  Fruquintinib, marketed under the brand name Fruzaqla, is an...